高通量小型植物光合表型測量系統(tǒng)PhenoMate是一款對小型植物自動進(jìn)行頂部高通量光合表型高清成像（600萬像素）測量的系統(tǒng)，配備6種濾光片進(jìn)行葉綠素?zé)晒獬上窈头瓷涔庾V成像。能夠獲得用于表型分析的可見光成像、用于光合作用分析的葉綠素?zé)晒獬上?、在近紅外區(qū)的NIR反射成像RNIR、反映葉綠素含量的葉綠素指數(shù)成像RChl，以及反映花青素含量的花青素指數(shù)成像RAnt。

PhenoMate包括帶成像系統(tǒng)的直角坐標(biāo)機(jī)器人系統(tǒng)、帶NAS的控制電腦系統(tǒng)、預(yù)裝分析軟件的分析電腦系統(tǒng)（配備24英寸顯示器、鍵盤、鼠標(biāo)）等。

PhenoMate配備4.5m x 2m或6m x 3m的培養(yǎng)桌用于放置植物進(jìn)行測量及培養(yǎng)，配備直角坐標(biāo)機(jī)器人用于在x-、y-和z-方向上自動移動成像系統(tǒng)。

• 對于4.5m x 2m的系統(tǒng)而言，可以放置78盆（冠層240mm x 240mm）到1248盆（冠層60mm x 60mm）植物；
• 對于6m x 3m的系統(tǒng)而言，可以放置190盆（冠層240mm x 240mm）到3040盆（冠層60mm x 60mm）植物。

PhenoMate的成像單元每次可以測量多達(dá)16株植物（冠層60mm x 60mm ），而這16株植物都可以進(jìn)行獨(dú)立分析。用這種方法大大提高了測量效率，做到了高通量植物表型測量。

PhenoMate系統(tǒng)于2020年入駐大名鼎鼎的紐約古根海姆博物館！
 

技術(shù)原理

葉綠素a熒光作為光合作用研究的探針，是研究各種逆境脅迫（干旱、高溫、低溫、營養(yǎng)缺失、污染、病害等）對植物影響的強(qiáng)大工具，亦被廣泛用于篩選同一植物品種的不同基因型。葉綠素a熒光不僅能反映光能吸收、激發(fā)能傳遞和光化學(xué)反應(yīng)等光合作用的原初反應(yīng)過程，而且與電子傳遞、質(zhì)子梯度的建立及ATP合成和CO₂固定等過程有關(guān)。幾乎所有光合作用過程的變化均可通過葉綠素a熒光反映出來，而熒光測定技術(shù)不需破碎細(xì)胞，不傷害生物體，因此通過研究葉綠素a熒光來間接研究光合作用的變化是一種簡便、快捷、可靠的方法。針對葉綠素a熒光的測量方法和參數(shù)分析方法已經(jīng)成為光合作用研究的一個(gè)重要領(lǐng)域。

功能特性

• 利用直角坐標(biāo)機(jī)器人實(shí)現(xiàn)X-Y-Z軸自動移動
• 測量范圍4.5m x 2m或6m x 3m
• 帶兩套潮汐式灌溉水培系統(tǒng)
• 能夠進(jìn)行葉綠素?zé)晒獬上?、葉綠素指數(shù)成像、花青素指數(shù)成像和可見光成像
• 配備控制電腦和分析電腦
• 配備控制軟件和分析軟件
• 配備NAS（網(wǎng)絡(luò)附屬存儲）系統(tǒng)

大名鼎鼎的彭博社為瓦赫寧根大學(xué)的PhenoMate系統(tǒng)（瓦大專用名稱為Phenovator）拍攝的視頻

主要應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域

• 擬南芥和其它小型植株的光合作用和表型研究
• 光合作用機(jī)理研究，全葉片和整株植物的光合作用測量
• 環(huán)境脅迫對植物的影響
• 基因型篩選、突變株篩選
• 植物功能基因組學(xué)研究
• 脅迫損傷的早期檢測
• 植物病理學(xué)、毒理學(xué)、環(huán)境科學(xué)研究

主要技術(shù)參數(shù)

• 成像面積：24 cm x 24 cm
• 光照面積：30 cm x 30 cm
• 相機(jī)傳感器類型：CCD
• 相機(jī)分辨率：600萬像素，即2440 x 2440像素
• 光譜范圍：350-950 nm
• 鏡頭類型：高質(zhì)量百萬像素鏡頭
• 光纖濾光片輪：6種高質(zhì)量光學(xué)干涉濾光片，步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動
• 直角坐標(biāo)機(jī)器人：全自動控制，定位精度100 um
• 培養(yǎng)桌尺寸： 4.5m x 2m或6m x 3m ，可定制化設(shè)計(jì)。
• IT硬件：相機(jī)和直角坐標(biāo)機(jī)器人由兩套獨(dú)立的電腦系統(tǒng)控制，并由一個(gè)帶NAS系統(tǒng)的服務(wù)器電腦控制整套設(shè)備。NAS系統(tǒng)用于數(shù)據(jù)通訊、數(shù)據(jù)存儲、數(shù)據(jù)備份，配備4 Tb硬盤進(jìn)行鏡像數(shù)據(jù)存儲。

利用PhenoVation光合表型成像技術(shù)發(fā)表的部分文獻(xiàn)

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